Hair restoration has evolved dramatically over the past few decades, offering new hope to so many people experiencing pattern baldness, thinning hair, or other forms of alopecia. Thanks to these advances, patients have access to both surgical and non-surgical options that can effectively address various stages and types of hair loss, making the decision process both exciting and potentially overwhelming.

Keep reading to learn about the differences between these approaches, their respective benefits and limitations, and which option might work best for your specific situation.

What Options Are There for Hair Restoration?

There is a wide range of treatments designed to slow hair loss, stimulate new growth, or transplant existing hair to areas of thinning or baldness.

Non-surgical options typically focus on medical treatments, topical applications, and innovative therapies that work at the cellular level to improve hair health and density.

Surgical methods involve physically relocating healthy hair follicles from donor areas to recipient sites, providing immediate structural changes to hairline and density.

The choice between surgical and non-surgical hair restoration often depends on various factors. For example, these factors may include the extent of hair loss, age, lifestyle preferences, budget considerations, and personal goals for treatment outcomes.

For some patients, combining both approaches may provide the most comprehensive and long-lasting results, with non-surgical treatments supporting and maintaining surgical improvements over time.

Non-Surgical Hair Restoration Methods

Medical Therapies

These include DHT-blocking medications such as finasteride (Propecia) and dutasteride (Avodart), which work by blocking the pathway that converts testosterone into dihydrotestosterone (DHT)—the hormone responsible for male pattern baldness. Finasteride blocks one of the enzymes involved in DHT production, while dutasteride blocks both, leading to greater suppression of the hormone but also a higher potential for side effects.

Minoxidil (Rogaine) is another option in a foam, liquid, or pill that improves blood flow to hair follicles and works particularly well for women with overall thinning, though both men and women can use it safely with other treatments and typically see results within three to six months.

Regenerative Therapies

These treatments use your body’s natural healing factors to stimulate hair growth and include PRP, Acell, and ATP. Most patients need several treatments spaced about a month apart, then maintenance sessions every few months to help thicken existing hair, wake up sleeping follicles, and improve results when combined with other treatments.

Light Therapy

Low-level light therapy uses LED lights to stimulate hair follicles and improve hair growth. The treatment is painless and can be done in the office or at home with special devices.

You’ll need consistent treatments over several months to see results. Many patients notice their hair feels thicker and looks fuller after several months of treatment.

Dr. Paul Rose, a dermatologist at Golden State Dermatology, emphasizes the importance of a comprehensive non-surgical approach:

Oral Medications

Propecia is the brand name for finasteride, a medication that works by blocking the enzyme that converts testosterone into DHT. Lowering DHT levels in the scalp helps slow hair loss and, in many cases, encourages regrowth. Whether prescribed as Propecia or in its generic form, the active ingredient is the same and works identically. This treatment tends to be most effective for thinning at the crown and mid-scalp areas.

Some patients may require a stronger option, such as dutasteride (Avodart). Unlike finasteride, which blocks one type of DHT-producing enzyme, dutasteride blocks both, resulting in a more significant drop in DHT levels. It’s often recommended for those who don’t see sufficient improvement with finasteride alone or who are experiencing more aggressive patterns of hair loss.

Another option is oral minoxidil, a less common but sometimes highly effective treatment. While minoxidil is widely known as a topical solution, taking it orally can benefit certain patients—particularly women with diffuse thinning across the scalp. Because oral minoxidil can affect blood pressure, it requires close monitoring and regular follow-ups with a dermatologist.

Hair Prosthetics

Hair prosthetics provide a nonsurgical option for patients seeking immediate restoration. Unlike older wigs or toupees, today’s systems are engineered with advanced materials that replicate the appearance and movement of natural hair. They can be customized to match a patient’s hair color, density, and style, making them a practical solution for those who are not surgical candidates or prefer to avoid the risks and recovery associated with transplantation.

This approach offers both versatility and convenience. Prosthetics can be adjusted over time as hair patterns change and deliver full coverage without the delay of medical therapies. For patients prioritizing rapid, reliable improvement without invasive procedures, hair prosthetics represent an effective alternative within the spectrum of hair restoration options.

Surgical Hair Restoration Options

FUE (Follicular Unit Extraction)

FUE is a hair transplant method where individual hair follicles are removed from the back of the scalp using tiny punches. The resulting scars are small, dot-like marks that heal quickly and are barely noticeable—even with very short hairstyles.

Recovery is faster than with other surgical techniques, and most patients can return to work within a few days. This approach is especially effective for younger patients who prefer to keep their hair very short, as it avoids the linear scar associated with traditional strip methods.

Strip FUT (Follicular Unit Strip Surgery)

With strip FUT, a thin strip of scalp is removed from the back of the head and carefully divided into individual hair follicles. This method allows more grafts to be harvested in a single session, making it an excellent choice for patients who need significant hair restoration. It is ideal for people who wear their hair longer than half an inch and don’t mind a linear scar that is not readily visible.

With a ledge closure technique developed by Dr. Rose, even the linear scar can be virtually invisible, allowing some patients to keep their hair very short. FUT also takes less time to perform and is typically less expensive than other methods, making it a cost-effective option for extensive hair restoration.

Scalp Micropigmentation (SMP)

SMP is like a specialized tattoo that creates the look of tiny hair follicles on your scalp. It makes your hair appear fuller and can help define your hairline or cover scars from previous procedures.

This treatment works well by itself if you like a buzz-cut look, or it can be combined with hair transplants to make them look fuller. You’ll need several sessions, and touch-ups every few years to keep it looking fresh.

Factors to Consider When Looking at Hair Restoration Options

Extent and Pattern of Hair Loss

Early-stage hair loss often responds well to non-surgical treatments, while advanced baldness may require surgical intervention for meaningful restoration. Patients with diffuse thinning might benefit more from non-surgical approaches, while those with well-defined bald areas are often good candidates for hair transplantation.

Age and Future Hair Loss Progression

Younger patients may benefit from starting with non-surgical treatments to slow progression before considering surgery, while older patients with stable hair loss patterns might be ideal candidates for immediate surgical intervention. Your dermatologist will consider your family history and current progression rates when advising you on timing and treatment selection.

Lifestyle and Recovery Considerations

Non-surgical treatments typically require minimal downtime but demand long-term commitment to daily medications or regular treatment sessions. Surgical procedures involve initial recovery periods with activity restrictions but offer more permanent structural changes. Patients with demanding professional schedules or active lifestyles may prefer non-surgical options, while those seeking dramatic, one-time improvement might choose surgery.

Budget and Long-term Costs

Non-surgical treatments often have lower upfront costs but require ongoing expenses for medications, maintenance treatments, and follow-up care. Surgical procedures involve higher initial investment but may prove more cost-effective over time, especially when combined with minimal maintenance therapy. Insurance typically doesn’t cover cosmetic hair restoration, making financial planning an important consideration.

Dr. Paul Rose discusses the decision-making process for hair restoration:

“Choosing between surgical and non-surgical hair restoration isn’t always an either-or decision, and the best approach often involves combining both methods strategically. We evaluate each patient’s specific pattern of hair loss, lifestyle factors, expectations, and long-term goals to develop personalized treatment plans that maximize both immediate and lasting results. Some patients start with non-surgical treatments to stabilize their hair loss and then add surgical procedures for areas that need more dramatic improvement, while others begin with surgery and use non-surgical methods to protect their investment and maintain optimal results over time.”

The decision between surgical and non-surgical hair restoration should be made in consultation with an experienced dermatologist who can properly evaluate your individual situation and goals.

If you have questions about your skin, schedule an appointment at Calkin & Boudreaux today!

Skin cancer affects millions of Americans each year, with basal cell carcinoma (BCC) being the most frequently diagnosed type. While the term “carcinoma” can sound frightening, basal cell carcinoma is highly treatable when caught early and rarely spreads to other parts of the body. Keep reading to learn more about this common form of skin cancer and get answers to the most frequently asked questions about BCC.

Continue reading “Most Common Questions About Basal Cell Carcinoma” →

After successfully treating skin cancer, many patients find themselves facing a new challenge: the reconstruction and restoration of the treated area. While the primary focus during treatment is eliminating cancerous cells, the resulting wound or surgical site often requires careful consideration to achieve optimal healing and cosmetic outcomes.

Keep reading to learn more about skin cancer reconstruction, including what happens during the procedure and what different options are available.

What Is Skin Cancer Reconstruction?

Skin cancer reconstruction refers to the surgical techniques used to repair and restore skin after cancer removal. The goal is to close the surgical wound while maintaining proper function and achieving the best possible cosmetic result for the treated area.

The type and extent of reconstruction needed depend on several factors, including the size and location of the cancer, the depth of tissue removal, and the patient’s individual healing characteristics. Some cases may require simple closure techniques, while others might need more complex reconstruction procedures.

Types of Skin Cancer Reconstruction

Primary Closure

Primary closure is the simplest form of reconstruction, where the edges of the wound are brought together and closed linearly with sutures. This technique works best for smaller lesions where there’s sufficient laxity of the surrounding skin to close the wound without tension. This method is often preferred when the cancer site allows for this approach without compromising the final appearance.

Skin Grafts

When primary closure isn’t possible due to the size of the defect, skin grafts may be necessary. This technique involves taking healthy skin from another part of the body (donor site) and transplanting it to cover the open wound.

There are two main types of skin grafts: split-thickness grafts, which include only the top layers of skin, and full-thickness grafts, which include all layers of skin. The choice between these options depends on the specific characteristics of the wound and the desired cosmetic outcome.

Dr. Grace Sohn, a fellowship-trained and board-certified Mohs surgeon at Golden State Dermatology, explains the importance of proper graft selection:

“Choosing the right type of skin graft and donor site is crucial for both proper healing and optimal cosmetic results. We carefully consider the location of the defect, the patient’s skin characteristics, and lifestyle when determining the best grafting approach. While the process may seem complex, skin grafts are an important tool in your surgeon’s arsenal to restore both function and appearance to the treated area.”

Local Flaps

Local flaps involve moving nearby healthy tissue to cover the wound while maintaining its blood supply. This technique often provides better color and texture matching compared to skin grafts since the tissue comes from the same general area.

Various flap designs can be used depending on the wound characteristics and surrounding tissue availability. The advantage of local flaps is that they typically heal well and provide excellent cosmetic results with proper technique.

Regional and Distant Flaps

For larger or more complex defects, regional or distant flaps may be necessary. While these techniques are more complex, they can provide excellent outcomes for challenging reconstruction cases.

Factors Influencing Reconstruction Choice

Several important considerations guide the selection of the most appropriate reconstruction technique for each patient. Your dermatologic surgeon will carefully evaluate these factors to develop a personalized treatment plan.

Location of the Cancer

The location of the skin cancer significantly impacts reconstruction options. Facial areas, particularly around the eyes, nose, and mouth, require special consideration due to the importance of maintaining proper function and appearance.

Areas with high mobility, such as joints, may require specific reconstruction techniques to preserve movement and flexibility. Your dermatologic surgeon will consider how the reconstruction will affect the function of the treated area.

Cosmetically sensitive areas often benefit from more sophisticated reconstruction techniques, even if they require additional surgical stages. The goal is always to achieve the best possible outcome while ensuring complete cancer removal.

Size and Depth of the Defect

Larger wounds typically require more complex reconstruction techniques. The depth of tissue removal also influences the choice of reconstruction method, as deeper defects may need more substantial repair.

The three-dimensional characteristics of the wound help determine whether simple closure, grafting, or flap reconstruction will provide the best outcome. Your surgeon will assess these factors during the treatment planning process.

Patient’s Overall Health

Your general health status and healing ability play important roles in reconstruction planning. Age, lifestyle factors, and personal preferences are also considered when developing your reconstruction plan.

The Reconstruction Timeline

Immediate Reconstruction

In many cases, reconstruction is performed immediately following cancer removal during the same surgical session. Immediate reconstruction also reduces the psychological impact of having an open wound and allows for faster return to normal activities.

Katie Given, MD, PhD, a board-certified dermatologist and Mohs Surgeon at Golden State Dermatology, shares her perspective on timing decisions:

“One of the key advantages of Mohs surgery is the ability to completely remove the cancer and perform the necessary reconstruction in a single visit. The procedure is done under local anesthesia in an outpatient setting, allowing for efficient and effective care. When the wound can be closed on the same day as cancer removal, it can help reduce patient discomfort, may lower the risk of infection, and promotes faster recovery.”

Delayed Reconstruction

Sometimes, reconstruction may be delayed to allow for proper healing or to ensure all cancer has been completely removed. Delayed reconstruction gives the surgical site time to heal and allows for thorough margin assessment.

Staged Reconstruction

Complex cases may require staged reconstruction, where the repair is completed in multiple surgical sessions. Your surgeon will explain the timeline and expectations for each stage if this approach is recommended.

What to Expect During Recovery

The recovery process varies depending on the type of reconstruction performed, but most patients can expect some initial swelling and discomfort. Following your surgeon’s post-operative instructions carefully is crucial for optimal healing and the best cosmetic outcome.

Recovery timelines can range from a few weeks for simple closures to several months for more complex reconstructions. Your dermatologic surgeon will provide specific expectations based on your procedure and individual healing characteristics.

Pain management is typically straightforward, with most patients using over-the-counter medications for any discomfort. Prescription pain medication may be provided for more extensive procedures, though most patients find they need it for only a few days.

Activity restrictions vary based on the location and type of reconstruction performed. Your surgeon will provide detailed guidelines about when you can resume normal activities, exercise, and work responsibilities.

Follow-up appointments are essential for monitoring healing and addressing any concerns that may arise. These visits allow your surgeon to assess the reconstruction progress and make any necessary adjustments to your care plan.

Schedule Your Consultation

Understanding your options for skin cancer reconstruction empowers you to make informed decisions about your treatment and recovery. The experienced team at Calkin & Boudreaux is committed to providing comprehensive care that addresses both medical and cosmetic concerns.

If you have questions about your skin, schedule an appointment at Calkin & Boudreaux today!

Getting Botox is an exciting step toward achieving smoother, more youthful-looking skin, but many patients wonder about returning to their regular exercise routine afterward. Whether you’re a fitness enthusiast who hits the gym daily or someone who enjoys weekend yoga classes, knowing the proper timeline for resuming physical activity after Botox is crucial for getting the best results and safety.

Why Does Exercise Matter After Botox?

The relationship between exercise and Botox results is more significant than many patients realize. Physical activity increases blood flow and circulation throughout your body, which can potentially affect how the neurotoxin settles into your targeted muscles.

Immediately after your Botox treatment, the injected areas need time to properly integrate the medication without interference from increased blood flow or muscle movement. Your dermatologist at Calkin & Boudreaux will provide specific guidelines based on your individual treatment and fitness routine.

The Standard 24-Hour Rule

Most dermatology experts recommend waiting at least 24 hours before returning to your regular exercise routine after Botox injections. This waiting period allows the neurotoxin to begin binding to nerve endings in the targeted muscles without being disrupted by increased circulation or excessive facial movements.

However, this timeline can vary depending on several factors, including the areas treated, the amount of Botox used, and your individual healing response. Your provider at Calkin & Boudreaux will give you personalized post-treatment instructions based on your specific treatment plan.

What Happens If You Exercise Too Soon?

Exercising immediately after Botox can potentially lead to several complications that may compromise your results. Increased blood flow from vigorous activity might cause the Botox to migrate to unintended muscle areas, leading to asymmetrical results or unwanted muscle weakness.

Additionally, excessive sweating during workouts can increase the risk of infection at injection sites, especially if you touch or wipe the treated areas. Some patients may also experience increased bruising or swelling if they exercise too soon after their treatment.

Are Low-Impact Activities Safe?

While high-intensity workouts should be avoided for the first 24 hours, gentle activities are generally acceptable after Botox treatment. Light walking, stretching, or basic household activities typically don’t pose risks to your results. The key is avoiding activities that significantly increase your heart rate or cause excessive facial movement or sweating.

High-Intensity Exercise Guidelines

Lamai Walker, RN, aesthetic nurse at Golden State Dermatology in Pleasant Hill and Brentwood, explains the importance of timing when it comes to intense physical activity:

“Many of our patients are eager to return to their favorite high-intensity workouts after Botox, but patience during the first 24 to 48 hours can make a significant difference in their final results. We typically recommend avoiding activities like hot yoga, intense cardio, or weightlifting during this initial period, as these exercises can increase blood pressure and potentially cause the Botox to migrate before it has properly settled into the intended muscles. Once this critical window has passed, patients can gradually return to their full exercise routine with confidence.”

After the initial 24-hour period, you can typically resume most forms of exercise, including running, weightlifting, and cycling. However, it’s still wise to start gradually and pay attention to how your treated areas feel during and after physical activity.

Why Heat and Sweating Matter

Heat and excessive sweating can be particularly problematic in the hours following Botox treatment. Activities like hot yoga, saunas, or outdoor workouts in extreme heat should be avoided for at least 24 to 48 hours after your injections.

Heat can increase blood flow to the treated areas and potentially cause the Botox to spread beyond the intended muscles. Additionally, excessive sweating may increase the risk of infection at injection sites, particularly if you frequently touch or wipe the treated areas during your workout.

Signs to Watch For During Exercise

Monica Ascencion, RN, aesthetic nurse at Golden State Dermatology in Brentwood and Walnut Creek, emphasizes the importance of monitoring your body’s response as you return to exercise:

“When patients resume their workout routines after Botox, I encourage them to be mindful of any unusual sensations in the treated areas. While some mild tenderness is normal, persistent pain, asymmetry, or unexpected muscle weakness should prompt them to contact our office immediately. Most patients experience no issues when they follow our post-treatment guidelines, but staying attuned to their body’s signals helps ensure the best possible outcome. Remember that everyone heals differently, so what works for a friend or online forum might not be the right approach for your specific situation.”

As you return to your exercise routine, pay attention to any unusual sensations in the treated areas. Mild tenderness or slight swelling is normal, but persistent pain, asymmetry, or unexpected changes should be reported to your provider immediately.

When to Contact Your Provider

While most patients experience no issues returning to exercise after Botox, certain symptoms warrant immediate attention from your cosmetic injector. These include persistent asymmetry, unusual muscle weakness, signs of infection, or any other concerns about your results.

Calkin & Boudreaux encourages open communication throughout your treatment journey, including during the post-treatment period. Don’t hesitate to reach out with questions about exercise or any other aspect of your recovery.

By following these guidelines and working closely with your injector, you can safely return to your exercise routine while maximizing your Botox results. Remember that patience during the initial recovery period ultimately leads to better, longer-lasting outcomes that complement your active lifestyle.

If you have questions about your skin, schedule an appointment at Calkin & Boudreaux today!

If you’ve noticed spider veins or small varicose veins on your legs, you’re not alone in seeking effective treatment options. These visible veins can affect your confidence and comfort, making you hesitant to wear shorts, skirts, or swimwear.

Sclerotherapy is a proven, minimally invasive treatment that has helped countless patients achieve smoother, clearer-looking skin by targeting problematic veins. Keep reading to learn how sclerotherapy helps improve the appearance of veins!

What Is Sclerotherapy and How Does It Work?

Sclerotherapy is a medical procedure that involves injecting a special solution called a sclerosing agent directly into spider veins and small varicose veins. This solution irritates the lining of the blood vessel, causing it to collapse and eventually fade.

The procedure has been used for decades and is considered the gold standard treatment for spider veins and small varicose veins. Your provider at Calkin & Boudreaux will use a very fine needle to deliver the sclerosing agent precisely into the targeted veins.

The sclerosing agent solution causes the walls of the treated vein to swell and stick together, effectively sealing the vein shut. Blood that would normally flow through these veins is naturally rerouted to healthier veins deeper in the leg.

Over time, the sealed vein is absorbed by your body’s natural healing processes and gradually fades from sight. Most patients begin to see improvement within a few weeks, with full results typically visible after several months.

What Types of Veins Can Sclerotherapy Treat?

Sclerotherapy is most effective for treating spider veins, which are small, thin veins that appear close to the skin’s surface. These veins often look like a web or tree branch pattern and can be red, blue, or purple in color.

The procedure can also treat small varicose veins, typically those that are less than 3 millimeters in diameter. Larger varicose veins may require different treatment approaches, which your dermatology provider at Calkin & Boudreaux can discuss with you during your consultation.

Who Is a Good Candidate for Sclerotherapy?

Most adults with spider veins or small varicose veins are good candidates for sclerotherapy. The treatment is particularly effective for people who want to improve the appearance of their legs and are in generally good health.

However, certain conditions may make sclerotherapy unsuitable, such as pregnancy, blood clotting disorders, or severe underlying vein disease. Your provider at Calkin & Boudreaux will evaluate your medical history and current health status to determine if sclerotherapy is appropriate for you.

What Happens During a Sclerotherapy Session?

Your sclerotherapy appointment at Calkin & Boudreaux typically begins with a thorough examination of the veins to be treated. Your dermatology provider will identify the specific veins that will benefit most from treatment and develop a personalized treatment plan.

During the procedure, you’ll lie comfortably while your provider uses a very fine needle to inject the sclerosing agent solution into each targeted vein. Most patients describe the sensation as a mild burning or cramping that lasts only a few seconds per injection.

Dr, Shirlene Jay, board-certified dermatology provider at South Bay Dermatology, a Golden State Dermatology affiliate, explains the patient experience:

“Many patients are pleasantly surprised by how comfortable the sclerotherapy procedure is. The needles we use are extremely fine, and most injections cause only minimal discomfort that resolves quickly. We take great care to ensure each patient feels relaxed and informed throughout the entire process, and many patients find the treatment much more tolerable than they initially expected.”

How Many Treatments Will I Need?

The number of sclerotherapy sessions required varies depending on the extent of your vein issues and your individual response to treatment. Most patients need between 2 and 4 treatment sessions spaced about 4-6 weeks apart to achieve optimal results.

Some patients may see significant improvement after just one session, while others with more extensive vein networks may require additional treatments. Your dermatology provider at Calkin & Boudreaux will monitor your progress and adjust your treatment plan as needed.

What Should I Expect After Sclerotherapy?

Immediately after your sclerotherapy session, you may notice some redness, swelling, or bruising around the injection sites. These side effects are normal and typically resolve within a few days to a week.

Your provider at Calkin & Boudreaux will likely recommend wearing compression stockings for a specified period to support the healing process and optimize your results. You’ll also receive specific aftercare instructions to ensure the best possible outcome from your treatment.

Paula Rood, NP-C, at the SkinLab Napa Valley, a Golden State Dermatology affiliate, shares insights about post-treatment care:

“Recovery from sclerotherapy is generally very straightforward, and most patients can return to their normal activities immediately after treatment. We recommend avoiding strenuous exercise for the first 24-48 hours and wearing compression stockings as directed. Walking is actually encouraged as it promotes healthy circulation and supports the healing process. Most patients find that following these simple guidelines leads to excellent results with minimal downtime.”

When Will I See Results and How Long Do They Last?

You may begin to notice some fading of treated veins within 2-4 weeks after your sclerotherapy session. However, full results typically become apparent after 2-3 months as your body gradually absorbs the treated veins.

It’s important to be patient during the healing process, as some veins may initially appear darker before they fade. Your dermatology provider at Calkin & Boudreaux will schedule follow-up appointments to monitor your progress and determine if additional treatments are needed.

Successfully treated veins are permanently eliminated and will not return. However, it’s important to understand that sclerotherapy doesn’t prevent the development of new spider veins or varicose veins in the future.

Factors such as genetics, hormonal changes, pregnancy, and prolonged standing or sitting can contribute to the formation of new problematic veins over time. Maintaining a healthy lifestyle and following your dermatology provider’s recommendations can help minimize the development of new vein issues.

Schedule Your Sclerotherapy Consultation

If spider veins or small varicose veins are affecting your confidence or comfort, sclerotherapy may be an excellent solution for you. The experienced dermatology providers at Calkin & Boudreaux have helped many patients achieve clearer, smoother-looking legs through this proven treatment.

Don’t let visible veins keep you from feeling your best or enjoying activities you love. If you have questions about your skin, schedule an appointment at Calkin & Boudreaux today!

Have you ever noticed dark spots on your skin and wondered if they’re just ordinary moles or something that requires more attention? Understanding the difference between normal moles and atypical nevi (also called dysplastic nevi) is important for maintaining your skin health and potentially catching skin cancer in its early stages.

While most moles are completely harmless, atypical nevi can sometimes be precursors to melanoma, the most dangerous form of skin cancer. Keep reading to discover the key differences between normal moles and atypical nevi and learn when you should consult with a dermatologist at Calkin & Boudreaux.

What Are Normal Moles?

Normal moles, also known as common nevi, are small growths on the skin that develop when pigment cells (melanocytes) grow in clusters. These growths are usually brown, black, or skin-colored and can appear anywhere on the body, either alone or in groups.

Most people have between 10 and 40 moles on their body, with many developing during childhood and adolescence. Normal moles typically remain stable in appearance throughout your life, although some changes can occur with age, pregnancy, or sun exposure.

Dr. Daniel J. Aires, a dermatologist at Golden State Dermatology, explains the nature of common moles:

“Normal moles represent a natural clustering of pigment-producing cells in the skin and are incredibly common in the general population. The average person develops dozens of moles throughout their lifetime, with most appearing before age 30, and these benign growths rarely pose any health concerns. What’s important for patients to understand is that normal moles maintain consistent characteristics — they’re usually symmetrical, have regular borders, uniform color, and remain relatively small. When patients know what their normal moles look like, they’re better equipped to recognize when something unusual develops, which is key to early detection of potential skin cancer.”

What Do Normal Moles Look Like?

Normal moles typically share several common characteristics that help distinguish them from atypical nevi. Knowing these features can help you recognize what’s normal on your own skin.

Most normal moles are smaller than 6 millimeters in diameter (about the size of a pencil eraser). They tend to be round or oval with well-defined borders and even coloration throughout, usually in shades of brown, tan, or black.

The surface of a normal mole may be flat or slightly raised, and the texture is generally smooth. Normal moles maintain a consistent appearance over time, though slight changes may occur over decades.

What Are Atypical Nevi?

Atypical nevi, also called dysplastic nevi, are unusual-looking moles that may share some characteristics with melanoma. These moles appear different from common moles and may have irregular features that make them stand out. Regular monitoring of these moles by a dermatologist at Calkin & Boudreaux is essential for early detection of any concerning changes.

Characteristics of Atypical Nevi

Atypical nevi often have several distinguishing features that set them apart from normal moles. Dysplastic nevi are often larger than normal moles, frequently exceeding 6 millimeters in diameter. They typically have irregular borders that may appear notched, blurred, or poorly defined, giving them an asymmetrical appearance.

The color of atypical nevi is usually not uniform and may include various shades of brown, tan, red, pink, or even blue-black within the same mole. These moles might have a darker center and a lighter, irregular border.

Sandra Kemptner, PA-C, at Golden State Dermatology, shares insights about recognizing atypical nevi:

The ABCDE Rule for Evaluating Moles

Dermatologists often recommend the ABCDE rule as a helpful guideline for evaluating moles that might be problematic. The “A” stands for asymmetry, where one half of the mole doesn’t match the other half. Normal moles are typically symmetrical, while atypical nevi and melanomas often have irregular shapes.

“B” refers to border irregularity, with atypical nevi having uneven, notched, or blurred edges. “C” represents color variation, as atypical nevi may display multiple colors or shades within a single mole.

“D” stands for diameter, with atypical nevi often larger than 6mm. “E” represents evolution or changes in a mole’s appearance over time, which is perhaps the most important factor to monitor.

When Should I See a Dermatologist?

Regular skin examinations by a dermatologist are recommended for everyone, especially those with risk factors for skin cancer. However, certain situations warrant prompt medical attention from a specialist at Calkin & Boudreaux.

Any new mole that appears after age 30 should be evaluated, as most normal moles develop earlier in life. Changes in existing moles, including growth, color changes, or the development of symptoms like bleeding, itching, or tenderness, should also prompt a visit to your dermatologist.

If you notice a mole that stands out from others on your body or one that matches any of the ABCDE criteria, schedule an appointment right away. Early detection of problematic moles can significantly improve outcomes if skin cancer is present.

How Are Atypical Nevi Diagnosed and Treated?

Diagnosis of atypical nevi typically begins with a visual examination by a dermatologist, who may use a dermatoscope (a special magnifying device) to get a closer look at suspicious moles. If a mole appears concerning, your dermatologist at Calkin & Boudreaux may recommend a biopsy, which involves removing all or part of the mole for examination under a microscope.

This procedure is usually performed with local anesthesia in the office and takes just minutes to complete. Treatment depends on the biopsy results and may range from continued monitoring to complete surgical removal of atypical moles. Your dermatologist will discuss the best approach based on your specific situation and risk factors.

Early detection of problematic moles is crucial for successful treatment outcomes. When caught early, atypical nevi that show signs of developing into melanoma can be removed before they become dangerous.

Regular skin examinations, both at home and by a dermatologist, play a vital role in early detection. By familiarizing yourself with the characteristics of normal and atypical moles, you can become more proactive about your skin health.

Schedule Your Consultation Today

If you’ve noticed unusual moles or changes in existing moles, the experienced team at Calkin & Boudreaux can help. Our dermatologists are experts in diagnosing and treating all types of skin growths, including atypical nevi that may require special attention. With early detection and proper treatment, most skin cancers can be successfully treated.

If you have questions about your skin, schedule an appointment at Calkin & Boudreaux today!

Hair loss affects many people, causing not just physical changes but often emotional distress and decreased confidence. While some shedding is normal, certain patterns and symptoms suggest it’s time to consult a professional who can properly diagnose and treat the underlying cause of your hair thinning. Keep reading to learn about the key warning signs that indicate it’s time to schedule an appointment with a dermatologist to address your hair concerns.

What Causes Hair Loss?

Hair loss can stem from various factors, including genetics, hormonal changes, medical conditions, medications, and lifestyle factors. The average person loses between 50 and 100 hairs daily as part of the natural hair growth cycle, but when shedding exceeds this amount or hair doesn’t regrow, it may indicate a problem requiring medical attention.

Age-related hair thinning affects most people to some degree, with male and female pattern baldness being the most common forms of hair loss. Other causes include autoimmune conditions like alopecia areata, nutritional deficiencies, stress, thyroid disorders, and scalp infections, each requiring different treatment approaches for optimal results.

Paul Rose, MD, a dermatologist and hair restoration expert at Golden State Dermatology, explains the complex nature of hair loss:

“Hair loss evaluation requires a comprehensive approach considering genetic predisposition, medical history, and environmental factors that might be contributing to the condition. Many patients delay seeking treatment until they’ve lost significant hair, not realizing that early intervention typically yields better outcomes and can prevent permanent follicle damage. By identifying the specific type of alopecia and its triggers, we can develop targeted treatment plans that not only address current hair loss but also help protect remaining hair and stimulate new growth where possible.”

When to See a Dermatologist

Recognizing the right time to consult a dermatologist can help you address hair loss before it progresses too far. Here are eight important signs that indicate you should seek professional evaluation.

1. Sudden or Rapid Hair Loss

If you have a noticeable increase in the amount of hair shedding over a short period, it’s best to visit your dermatologist for an evaluation. This type of sudden hair loss, especially when you’re finding significantly more hair on your pillow or shower drain than usual, often signals an underlying health issue or reaction that should be evaluated by a professional.

Rapid hair loss differs from the gradual thinning associated with genetic pattern baldness and may indicate conditions like telogen effluvium, which can be triggered by illness, surgery, or extreme stress. Quick diagnosis means quicker intervention, which can lead to better outcomes for many acute hair loss conditions.

2. Patchy Hair Loss or Bald Spots

The development of distinct bald patches, especially those that appear suddenly, is rarely normal and often indicates conditions like alopecia areata. These smooth, round bald spots can vary in size and may be accompanied by itching or burning sensations in some cases.

Multiple or expanding bald patches require proper evaluation to determine whether they’re caused by an autoimmune condition, fungal infection, or other factors. Professional treatment can often stop the progression and promote regrowth, particularly when addressed early.

3. Receding Hairline or Thinning at the Crown

A gradually retreating hairline or noticeable thinning at the crown of the head often indicates androgenetic alopecia, commonly known as male or female pattern baldness. While this type of hair loss is genetically influenced, early intervention with prescription treatments can significantly slow its progression and maintain existing hair.

Women may notice widening of their part line or overall reduction in hair volume, while men typically experience recession at the temples, followed by thinning at the crown. These patterns deserve attention from a dermatologist who can recommend proven therapies based on your specific pattern and stage of hair loss.

4. Hair Loss Accompanied by Scalp Changes

When hair loss occurs alongside scalp symptoms like redness, itching, and scarring, it suggests an underlying scalp condition. These accompanying symptoms may indicate conditions such as scarring alopecia that requires specific treatment approaches. Your dermatology provider can diagnose scarring alopecia through a physical examination and scalp biopsy. 

5. Hair Breakage vs. Hair Loss

Distinguishing between hair that is breaking and hair that is shedding from the root is important for determining proper treatment. True hair loss involves complete shedding from the follicle, while breakage occurs when the hair shaft breaks due to damage, leaving the follicle intact.

Excessive breakage may result from harsh hair treatments, improper styling practices, or nutritional deficiencies rather than a medical condition affecting the follicles themselves. A dermatologist can determine whether you’re experiencing true hair loss, breakage, or both, and recommend appropriate interventions.

6. Hair Loss Following Medication Changes or Illness

Hair loss that begins within a few months after starting a new medication, undergoing surgery, experiencing high fever, or recovering from a significant illness often indicates telogen effluvium. This temporary shedding occurs when a stressful event pushes a large number of hair follicles into the resting phase simultaneously.

While telogen effluvium typically resolves on its own once the trigger is removed, a dermatologist can confirm the diagnosis and rule out other causes. They can also recommend supportive treatments to minimize shedding and expedite recovery of normal hair growth.

Curtis Raskin, MD, board-certified dermatologist at Golden State Dermatology in Pleasant Hill, highlights the importance of considering medical factors when evaluating hair loss:

“Many patients don’t connect their hair shedding to events or medications from several months prior, but telogen effluvium typically starts about 3 months after the instigating cause. Certain medications like anticonvulsants, beta-blockers, and statins are known to trigger hair loss, as are health events like childbirth, major surgery, or significant weight loss. During evaluation, we create a detailed timeline of health events and medication changes to identify potential triggers that might not be obvious to the patient. This comprehensive approach allows us to determine whether the hair loss is likely temporary or if it requires further investigation or treatment.”

7. Hair Loss That Affects Your Emotional Well-being

Hair loss that causes significant emotional distress, affects your social activities, or impacts your self-confidence is reason enough to consult a dermatologist. The psychological impact of hair loss is widely recognized within the medical community as a valid concern warranting proper evaluation and treatment.

Many people underestimate how emotionally taxing hair loss can be until they experience it personally. A dermatologist can not only address the physical aspects of hair loss but also provide realistic expectations about treatment outcomes and possibly refer you to support resources if needed.

8. Failed Over-the-Counter Treatments

If you’ve diligently used over-the-counter hair loss products for at least six months without improvement, it’s time to see a dermatologist. Non-prescription treatments have limitations in terms of strength and ability to address specific causes of hair loss.

Prescription options, in-office procedures, and comprehensive treatment plans offered by dermatologists can be significantly more effective than retail products. A properly diagnosed condition treated with medical-grade solutions provides the best chance for successful hair retention and regrowth.

Taking Action Against Hair Loss

Hair loss can be effectively managed or treated in many cases, especially when addressed early before permanent follicle damage occurs. Remember that hair loss treatments typically require patience, as visible improvements may take several months to appear. Following your dermatologist’s recommendations consistently gives you the best chance for successful outcomes and maintaining your hair health for the long term.

If you have questions about your skin, schedule an appointment at Calkin & Boudreaux today!

Melanoma affects thousands of Americans each year and raises important questions about risk factors and prevention. While sun exposure is widely recognized as a significant contributor to melanoma development, many patients wonder about the role genetics plays in their skin cancer risk. Keep reading to learn how the genetic components of melanoma can help identify those at higher risk and emphasize the importance of appropriate screening and prevention strategies.

What Is Melanoma?

Melanoma is a type of skin cancer that develops from the cells that give skin its color, called melanocytes. Unlike more common skin cancers, melanoma can spread rapidly to other parts of the body if not detected and treated early.

Although melanoma accounts for a small percentage of skin cancer cases, it’s responsible for the majority of skin cancer deaths due to its aggressive nature. The cancer typically appears as an unusual mole or pigmented area on the skin, with characteristics that can be remembered using the ABCDE rule: Asymmetry, Border irregularity, Color variation, Diameter larger than 6mm, and Evolution or change over time.

The Genetic Link to Melanoma

Melanoma can have genetic components, with family history being an important risk factor for developing this serious skin cancer. Approximately 10% of melanoma cases occur in people who have a family member with the disease.

Research has identified several specific genes associated with inherited melanoma risk. Gregory Bricca, MD, a board-certified dermatologist and Mohs surgeon at Golden State Dermatology in Roseville, explains the importance of understanding genetic risk:

“When we talk about melanoma’s genetic component, we’re looking at multiple factors that can influence risk. Some patients inherit specific gene mutations that significantly increase their susceptibility, while others may have inherited traits like fair skin and light eyes that make them more vulnerable to UV damage. Understanding these genetic factors helps us create more personalized screening schedules and prevention plans, potentially catching melanomas at their earliest and most treatable stages. This knowledge allows us to be more proactive rather than reactive in our approach to patient care.”

Inherited Traits That Increase Melanoma Risk

Beyond specific gene mutations, certain inherited physical traits are associated with higher melanoma risk. Fair skin that burns easily and rarely tans is an inherited characteristic that increases susceptibility to UV damage.

Having naturally blond or red hair, light-colored eyes, and numerous freckles or moles are also inherited traits that correlate with increased melanoma risk. These traits are often seen together in what dermatologists refer to as Fitzpatrick skin type I or II.

People with these inherited characteristics should be particularly vigilant about sun protection and regular skin checks. The genetic factors that contribute to these traits often overlap with those that influence melanoma risk.

Family History and Melanoma Risk Assessment

Having a first-degree relative (parent, sibling, or child) with melanoma approximately doubles a person’s risk of developing the disease. This risk increases further when multiple family members have been diagnosed with melanoma.

The pattern of melanoma in families can provide important clues about potential genetic causes. Early age of onset, multiple primary melanomas in one individual, and unusual melanoma locations (such as areas with minimal sun exposure) all suggest a stronger genetic component.

Alexandra Vaughn, MD, at Golden State Dermatology, highlights the importance of comprehensive risk assessment:

“Family history remains one of our most valuable tools in melanoma risk assessment, often revealing patterns that prompt more thorough evaluation. When we identify patients with significant family history, we can implement enhanced surveillance protocols including more frequent examinations and sometimes advanced imaging techniques. We also consider the possibility of genetic testing in certain high-risk families, which can guide not only the patient’s care but also risk assessment for their relatives. This multi-generational approach to melanoma prevention represents the cutting edge of precision dermatology.”

Can You Prevent Melanoma if You Have a Genetic Risk?

For those with genetic risk factors, prevention strategies should be particularly rigorous. Daily use of broad-spectrum sunscreen with SPF 30 or higher is essential, even on cloudy days.

Protective clothing, including wide-brimmed hats, long sleeves, and UV-blocking sunglasses, provides an additional layer of protection. Seeking shade, especially during peak sun hours (10 am to 4 pm), further reduces UV exposure.

Regular self-examinations and professional skin checks are crucial for early detection. Those with genetic risk factors may need more frequent professional examinations, sometimes as often as every 3-6 months.

Schedule Your Skin Cancer Screening

Melanoma has both genetic and environmental components, with several specific genes and inherited traits increasing risk. While you cannot change your genetic makeup, understanding your personal risk factors allows for tailored prevention and early detection strategies.

Regular skin examinations by a qualified dermatologist remain the cornerstone of melanoma management for those with genetic risk factors. Early detection dramatically improves treatment outcomes, even for those with genetic predispositions.

If you have questions about your skin, schedule an appointment at Calkin & Boudreaux today!

Dermal fillers have transformed the field of aesthetic medicine, offering excellent results for improving volume loss, facial lines, and contouring without the need for surgery. Many patients seek fillers because they want to look refreshed and natural, not dramatically different or “done.”

The goal of today’s filler treatments is to enhance your existing features while maintaining facial harmony and balance. Keep reading to learn more about the art and science behind natural-looking volume with dermal fillers.

What Are Dermal Fillers?

Dermal fillers are injectable substances designed to restore volume, smooth lines, and enhance facial contours. These gel-like formulations are strategically placed beneath the skin’s surface to address various concerns related to aging and facial aesthetics.

Most modern fillers are made from hyaluronic acid (HA), a naturally occurring substance in your skin that helps maintain hydration and volume. Other filler types include calcium hydroxylapatite, poly-L-lactic acid, and polymethylmethacrylate (PMMA), each with specific and unique properties that may make them better for different treatment areas.

The fillers that are around today are very versatile, allowing your dermatologist or aesthetic provider to create customized treatment plans based on your specific concerns and goals. Your dermatologist at Calkin & Boudreaux can help determine which filler type is most appropriate for your needs.

How Do Dermal Fillers Work?

Fillers function by physically adding volume to areas where natural tissue has diminished over time. This volume replacement can restore a more youthful contour, which tends to gradually change with age.

Beyond simply adding volume, many hyaluronic acid fillers also attract and bind water molecules, creating a plumping effect that enhances hydration in the treated areas. Some fillers additionally stimulate collagen production, providing both immediate volume enhancement and longer-term improvement in skin quality and structure.

Jacqueline Calkin, MD, a board-certified dermatologist at Calkin | Boudreaux, a Golden State Dermatology affiliate, explains the evolution of filler treatments:

Common Treatment Areas for Dermal Fillers

Dermal fillers are very versatile, so they are able to address multiple areas of facial aging and enhancement. The mid-face region, including cheeks and tear troughs, often experiences significant volume loss with age that can be effectively restored with strategic filler placement.

Lip enhancement remains among the most requested filler treatments, with modern techniques focusing on natural definition and subtle volume rather than obvious enlargement. Nasolabial folds (smile lines), marionette lines, and jawline definition are additional areas where fillers can provide significant improvement with minimal downtime.

Temples and hands are often overlooked areas that can show significant signs of aging through volume loss. Adding fillers to these regions can create a more comprehensive rejuvenation effect that complements facial treatments.

What Happens During a Consultation Appointment for Dermal Fillers?

A thorough consultation should be the first step in your filler journey. During this appointment, your provider will assess your facial anatomy, discuss your aesthetic goals, and develop a treatment plan tailored to your needs.

Be prepared to discuss your medical history, including any previous cosmetic procedures and medications you take regularly. This information helps ensure your safety and optimal results from your treatment.

Photos may be taken during your consultation to document your pre-treatment appearance and assist with treatment planning. These images serve as an important reference point for both you and your provider when evaluating your results.

Yen Vo, RN, at Golden State Dermatology in Torrance, emphasizes the importance of the consultation process:

“The consultation is perhaps the most crucial part of the filler treatment process, as it allows us to align expectations and develop a personalized treatment plan. I always take time to understand not just what areas patients want to address, but also how they want to feel when looking in the mirror. This deeper understanding helps me create natural-looking results that enhance their confidence while preserving their unique features. The artistry of fillers lies in knowing not just where to add volume, but also where to show restraint.”

What to Expect During Your Filler Treatment

Most appointments take between 30-60 minutes, depending on the areas being treated, and are generally a comfortable experience. First, your provider will cleanse the treatment area thoroughly before making a series of precise injections according to your customized treatment plan.

Recovery and Immediate Aftercare

One of the benefits of filler treatments is the modest downtime required afterward. Most patients are physically able to their normal activities immediately, though socially, some people prefer to wait. With fillers, swelling and bruising should be expected.

Avoiding strenuous exercise, alcohol consumption, and blood-thinning medications for 24-48 hours can help minimize bruising and swelling after your treatment. Your provider at Calkin & Boudreaux will give you specific instructions based on your treatment areas and the type of filler used. Applying cold compresses intermittently during the first 24 hours can help reduce swelling at the injection sites.

While you’ll notice immediate volume enhancement after your filler treatment, the final results typically emerge over the following two weeks. This gradual settling period allows the filler to integrate naturally with your tissues and any initial swelling to subside.

Are Dermal Fillers Right for You?

Ideal candidates for dermal fillers are healthy individuals seeking to address specific volume loss concerns or enhance certain facial features. The best results come from a clear understanding of your goals and realistic expectations about what fillers can achieve.

A personalized consultation with a provider at Calkin & Boudreaux can help determine whether fillers are the right option for your aesthetic concerns. Sometimes, alternative or complementary treatments may be recommended based on your specific needs.

Dermal fillers can be beneficial for patients of various ages, from younger individuals seeking preventative approaches to more mature patients addressing established signs of aging. Your provider can tailor recommendations to your age, skin condition, and aesthetic priorities.

Schedule Your Dermal Filler Consultation

Dermal fillers offer a safe, effective option for restoring youthful volume and contours without surgery or significant downtime. The key to natural-looking results lies in both the science of the products used and the artistic approach of your provider.

The team at Calkin & Boudreaux combines technical expertise with an artistic eye to deliver filler results that enhance your natural beauty rather than changing your appearance. This balanced approach ensures you look like a refreshed version of yourself, not like someone else entirely.

If you have questions about your skin, schedule an appointment at Calkin & Boudreaux today!

We all know the importance of applying sunscreen to our face, shoulders, and back when heading outdoors. But did you know that many common skin cancer spots develop in areas that most people routinely miss when applying sun protection? Even the most diligent sunscreen users often overlook certain body parts, leaving them vulnerable to harmful UV radiation.

Keep reading to discover the surprising places you might be forgetting to apply sunscreen and learn how to ensure complete protection against skin cancer!

Why Missed Spots Matter

When it comes to sun protection, consistency and thoroughness are key factors in preventing skin cancer. Even small, overlooked areas can develop serious skin damage over time from repeated sun exposure. These forgotten spots often receive just as much sun exposure as more obvious areas but don’t get the protection they need.

Our dermatologists at Calkin & Boudreaux regularly treat skin cancers in these commonly forgotten areas. Many patients are surprised to learn that their diligent sunscreen application wasn’t as complete as they thought.

1. The Ears

The ears are among the most common places where skin cancer develops, yet many people forget to apply sunscreen to this area. Their protruding nature makes ears especially vulnerable to UV radiation from multiple angles, increasing their risk of sun damage.

Men with short haircuts and people who wear their hair up frequently are particularly susceptible to ear-related skin cancers.

Elizabeth Wang, MD, at Golden State Dermatology, highlights the importance of protecting your ears:

“Many of my patients are surprised when I diagnose skin cancer on their ears, as they hadn’t considered this area high-risk. The cartilage shape of ears actually creates multiple surfaces that can trap and intensify UV rays, making thorough protection essential. I recommend applying a mineral-based sunscreen specifically to the entire ear—including behind the ear and the ear canal entrance—and wearing wide-brimmed hats for additional protection. This simple addition to your sun protection routine can significantly reduce your risk of developing skin cancers in this vulnerable area.”

2. The Scalp and Part Lines

Your scalp is directly exposed to the sun’s rays, particularly if you have thinning hair or part your hair consistently in the same place. Many people overlook applying sunscreen to their scalp due to concerns about making their hair greasy or difficulty with application.

Part lines create a direct path for UV rays to reach the scalp skin, and these narrow strips of exposed skin can develop significant damage over time. For those with hair loss or thinning hair, the risk is even greater as larger areas of the scalp receive direct sunlight throughout the day.

3. The Tops of the Feet

During warm weather, many people wear sandals or go barefoot, exposing the tops of their feet to direct sunlight. Despite this exposure, the feet are one of the most commonly forgotten areas when applying sunscreen. The skin on the tops of feet is thin and often has little natural protection from melanin, making it particularly vulnerable to UV damage.

People often apply sunscreen before putting on footwear and forget to reapply when they switch to sandals later in the day. This oversight can leave the feet completely unprotected during peak sun hours.

4. The Lips

The lips have thin skin with minimal melanin protection, making them highly susceptible to UV damage. Many people focus on facial sunscreen but forget that their lips need specific protection too. Regular lipstick or lip gloss typically doesn’t provide adequate sun protection and may actually increase damage by attracting more UV rays to the lips.

Skin cancers on the lips, particularly the lower lip, which receives more direct sunlight, can be aggressive and require extensive treatment. Using a dedicated lip balm with SPF 30 or higher is essential for complete sun protection.

5. The Eyelids and Around the Eyes

The skin around the eyes is the thinnest on the body, making it particularly vulnerable to UV damage and premature aging. Many people intentionally avoid applying sunscreen near their eyes due to concerns about stinging or irritation. Special sunscreen formulations designed for the eye area can provide protection without irritation. Wearing UV-protective sunglasses also helps shield this sensitive area from harmful rays.

6. The Hands

Our hands receive more cumulative sun exposure than almost any other body part due to their constant use in outdoor activities. Despite this, many people forget to apply sunscreen to their hands or wash it off after handwashing without reapplying.

The backs of the hands, in particular, have thin skin that shows signs of sun damage and aging quickly. Regular application of sunscreen to the hands and keeping a small sunscreen tube in your car or bag for reapplication can help protect this high-exposure area.

7. The Neck and Chest Area

The neck and upper chest receive significant sun exposure, especially for people who wear V-neck or scoop-neck clothing. Many people apply sunscreen to their face but stop at the jawline, leaving the neck and chest vulnerable.

The thin skin in these areas shows signs of sun damage more quickly than other body parts. Extending your facial sunscreen application to include your neck and chest can prevent these issues.

Jeffrey So, PA-C, at Golden State Dermatology, shares this insight with patients:

“In my practice, I see a distinct line of sun damage that often appears at the base of the neck or upper chest area, marking where patients typically stop their sunscreen application. This pattern of damage, which dermatologists sometimes call the ‘necklace line,’ is completely preventable with proper sunscreen habits. I always recommend thinking of your sun protection routine as extending to your entire exposed skin, not just your face. When applying your morning skincare, use the ‘rule of twos’—two finger-lengths of sunscreen for your face, another two for your neck, and two more for your exposed chest area to ensure complete protection against premature aging and skin cancer risk.”

8. Behind the Knees and Under Arm Areas

The backs of the knees and underarm areas may seem like they don’t get much sun, but during activities like swimming, gardening, or certain sports, these areas can receive significant exposure. The skin in these areas tends to be thinner and more sensitive, making it more susceptible to damage when it does receive UV radiation.

People rarely think to apply sunscreen to these hidden joints, but they can be surprisingly exposed during everyday activities. Remember these easily overlooked spots when applying sun protection, especially before physical activities outdoors.

Tips for Complete Sunscreen Coverage

To ensure you’re protecting all areas of your body, consider applying sunscreen before getting dressed so you can more easily reach all areas. Use a systematic approach, working from head to toe without skipping any regions. Remember that spray sunscreens, while convenient, often result in uneven application and missed spots.

Set a timer to remind yourself to reapply sunscreen every two hours of sun exposure, and always reapply after swimming or excessive sweating. Consider using a mirror to help apply sunscreen to hard-to-see areas like the back of the neck or behind the ears.

Schedule Your Consultation Today

Regular skin checks are essential for catching any potential skin cancers early, especially in these commonly missed areas. Our dermatologists recommend annual full-body skin examinations to identify any suspicious spots that might otherwise go unnoticed.

If you have questions about your skin, schedule an appointment at Calkin & Boudreaux today!